Imarike yembewu yeSesame ehlabathini ?

I-Ethiopia lelinye lawona mazwe makhulu akhula isesame kunye namazwe athumela ngaphandle eAfrika, Ngenxa yokuthumela isixa esikhulu kwimarike yehlabathi.ISesame iveliswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo e-Ethiopia.Ikhula njengesityalo esikhulu eTigray, Amhara, naseSomilia, naseOrmia

Imingeni kunye namaThuba akhoyo e-Ethiopia malunga nemveliso yeesesame kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe

Amathuba okuvelisa isesame e-Ethiopia

I-agro-ecology eyohlukeneyo e-Ethiopia ifanelekile kwimveliso yeesesame.Iindidi ezininzi zeesesame zilinywa e-Ethiopia.amathuba kunye neprospectus yexesha elizayo yemveliso yeesesame e-Ethiopia ibonakaliswe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.

- Ukufaneleka komhlaba kwimveliso yeesame: kukho indawo enkulu kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo e-Ethiopia yokuvelisa isesame (iTigray, Amhara, Benshangul Assosa, Gambella, Oromia, Somalia kunye nemimandla yeSNNP),

Kukho imfuno elungileyo yesesame yaseTopiya kwimarike yehlabathi,

- Kukho iindidi ezimbalwa phantsi kophando kunye nokuqinisekiswa kumaziko ophando ahlukeneyo kwilizwe lonke, kwaye ukusasaza ezi ndidi kumafama kunye nabalimi kuya kubakhuthaza.Ukukhuthaza uphando lwesesame kunye nophuhliso, ukunika ingqalelo ngegalelo lesityalo elizweni kuya kunceda ukuphucula imveliso kunye nemveliso yesityalo.Ukanti, esi sityalo asigxininiswa kangako kungakhathaliseki ukuba yimali yaso yangaphandle.

- Kukho umthombo ophezulu wabasebenzi wamaxesha obunzima (ukulima, ukuhlakula nokuvuna)

- Uncedo lwetyala ngurhulumente kunye nababolekisi babucala kutyalo-mali lwesesame

5. Ukungahoywa okuncinci kuphando lwesesame xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izityalo ezifana nombona nengqolowa nangona iyeyona nto iphambili yokuthengisa ngaphandle kwekofu.

6. Ukunqongophala kobugcisa obuphuculweyo (ukutyala, ukuvuna): Uninzi lwabalimi beesesame ngabalimi abangenako ukuhlawulela ukutyala, izivuni kunye noomatshini bokungqusha bale mihla.

7. Ukungabikho koncedo oluphuculweyo

8. Ukungaphenduli kakuhle kwesichumiso kwisityalo sesesame

9. Ukuqhekeka: iicapsules zendalo zesesame ziyaqhekeka kwaye zichithe imbewu xa zifikelele ekuvuthweni kwaye ukuvunwa kusemva kwexesha.Isixa esikhulu sesivuno sesesame silahlekile ngenxa yokuqhekeka, nokuba kuvunwa kwaye kuhlanganiswe ekuhlaleni okubizwa ngokuba yi-'Hilla'.Ukuqokelela isivuno kumgangatho ogudileyo okanye kumaphepha eplastiki liyeza elilungileyo.

Ukulima kwamafama amancinci Imveliso yeesame kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo e-Ethiopia iqhutywa ngabanini bomhlaba abahlukeneyo.Abatyali-zimali abakhulu babambe amakhulu eehektare, kanti, amafama amancinci anomhlaba ongaphantsi kweehektare ezilishumi, apho kwezinye iindawo ezinamaqhekeza omhlaba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo engenisa iindleko ezongezelelweyo zemveliso, kunye nolawulo lwezityalo olungalinganiyo.Ukulima okuncinci okukhatshwa yinkqubo yemveliso engasemva kukhokelele imveliso yeesesame imbi kakhulu.Imveliso yesesame kwiindawo ezininzi phantsi kwamafama

ulawulo lungaphantsi kwe-10Qt/ha.Abatyali-mali basebenzisa inkqubo yemveliso ebanzi endaweni yenkqubo enzulu

imveliso, imveliso leyo ihlwempuzekileyo nokuba ingakanani na intsimi.

4. Ukuthunyelwa kweSesame kunye nokuthengisa

ISesame sesona sityalo siphambili se-oyile esiveliswa e-Ethiopia kwaye sikwindawo yesibini kwezona mpahla zithunyelwa ngaphandle kumazwe angaphandle ezinegalelo kwingeniso yelizwe.Imveliso yembewu yesesame yehlabathi, imveliso kunye nommandla ogutyungelwe ngo-2012 yayiziitoni ezingama-4441620, 5585 Hg/ha kunye ne-7952407 yeehektare ngokulandelelanayo kunye nemveliso, imveliso kunye nokugubungela indawo e-Ethiopia kwangalo nyaka mnye yayiziitoni eziyi-181376, 7572 Hg kunye ne-2395 yehektare ngokulandelelanayo. .FAOSTAT.fao.org) .

I-China lelona lizwe lithenga kumazwe angaphandle imbewu yesesame yase-Ethiopia.Ngo-2014 i-Ethiopia yathumela kumazwe angaphandle iitoni ezingama-346,833 zembewu yesesame ifumana ingeniso ye-USD 693.5 yezigidi.Nangona kunjalo, ngo-2015 ukuthunyelwa kwesesame kumazwe angaphandle kwehle nge-24% ngenxa yemozulu embi ekuwohlokeni komgangatho wembewu kunye nokuhla kwexabiso kunye nokugqithiswa kwembewu yesesame.